Maharashtra has the highest number of platform workers registered on the Centre’s e-Shram portal, with 134,705 workers enrolled as of January 23, 2026, according to data presented in the Rajya Sabha. Uttar Pradesh follows closely with 130,505 registrations, while Bihar has 109,207 registered platform workers.
Among other large states, West Bengal has 54,734 registered workers, Delhi 49,479, Andhra Pradesh 39,112, Rajasthan 38,205, Karnataka 37,871, Gujarat 34,756, and Madhya Pradesh 34,351. Tamil Nadu has 31,654 registrations, Telangana 29,951, Kerala 11,219, and Haryana 20,375.
At the lower end of the scale, Union Territories and smaller states reported very low registrations. Lakshadweep has just four registered platform workers, Ladakh 48, Mizoram 147, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu 143, and Andaman and Nicobar Islands 193. Sikkim has 320 registrations, while Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh have 564 and 656, respectively.
Taken together, the figures show that the e-Shram portal has registered just over 10.5 lakh platform workers nationwide, with registrations concentrated in a handful of large states.
Question raised in the Rajya Sabha
The data was shared in response to an unstarred question in the Rajya Sabha raised by Dr. Vikramjit Singh Sahney, who sought details on four key issues:
- The number of gig and platform workers registered on e-Shram,
- Whether the draft Social Security (Central) Rules, 2025, provide specific benefits for such workers,
- Whether a dedicated social security fund has been created for them, and
- What steps has the government taken to ensure that aggregator companies onboard workers on the e-Shram portal?
Replying on behalf of the government, Minister of State for Labour and Employment Shobha Karandlaje said that legal recognition for gig and platform workers has been provided for the first time under the Code on Social Security, 2020, which came into force on November 21, 2025. She stated that the Code includes provisions for setting up a National Social Security Board to look after the welfare of unorganised, gig, and platform workers and also allows for the creation of a Social Security Fund to finance welfare schemes for these workers.
On implementation, the minister said the government has conducted three nationwide special registration drives during April, May, and August–September 2025 to increase platform workers’ enrolment on e-Shram. She also said the government has held multiple rounds of discussions with aggregator companies, worker unions, knowledge partners, and state governments to shape the social security framework for gig and platform workers.
Benefits, enforcement and implementation remain unclear
However, the reply does not specify which social security schemes will apply to gig and platform workers, when they will be implemented, or how aggregator contributions will be calculated, collected or enforced. It also does not clarify whether the…
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