Building on the previous copyright lawsuit and a breakthrough judgment that revealed Anthropic was using copyrighted books for AI training, various global music publishers filed a new lawsuit against Anthropic, alleging it infringed on copyrighted content, including song lyrics, particularly through pirated means.
This is not the first time Anthropic has been dragged into copyright infringement cases. Earlier in September 2025, in the famous Anthropic vs. Bartz case, the company agreed to pay $1.5 billion in “the largest publicly reported copyright recovery” case. Interestingly, during the same court proceedings before the final settlement, the US court found that using purchased copyrighted works to train AI models is ‘fair use’ under the US Copyright Law.
Separately, several music publishers previously filed a separate copyright infringement case against Anthropic that the parties later resolved through an agreement. The fresh lawsuit, which also includes a few music publishers from the previous lawsuit, is a follow-up to the previously settled case.
Why did Music Publishers file a fresh copyright lawsuit?
In this new lawsuit, the music publishers say they tried to expand their earlier copyright case against Anthropic after Judge William Alsup’s rulings in the case, popularly known as Anthropic Vs Bartz, which revealed Anthropic’s illegal downloading from pirated shadow libraries.
“Until the revelations in those [Bartz vs Anthropic] opinions and filings, Publishers did not know that their works were being copied by Defendants from some of the most notorious pirated sources in the world,” reads the lawsuit, referring to the piracy shadow libraries like LibGen (Library Genesis) and its mirror sites such as Z-library. Before evolving as Anna’s Archive, Pirate Library Mirror (PiLiMi) replicated content from the banned Z-Library.
When music labels sought to amend their previous complaint, Anthropic opposed it, arguing that the torrenting claims were unrelated to their copyright infringement case and would “fundamentally transform” the first case. So, the publishers say that they filed this separate lawsuit to address what they call “willful infringement” through the downloading and uploading of unauthorised copies of their works from massive piracy websites.
Referring to the above-mentioned case, the publishers also noted they had already sued Anthropic in the earlier case over the alleged copying of their content to train certain Claude AI models. Despite their agreement to enforce safety guardrails to prevent their AI models from generating copyrighted content, they claim that Anthropic has continued to use their works on a much larger scale since then, leading to this second lawsuit over the same copyright infringement issues surrounding AI training and outputs.
What do the Music Publishers Want?
Concord Music Group, Universal Music, and others filed the lawsuit against…
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